在过去的两个星期里, 我一直在做我的第一个真正的.net WinForm应用的开发. 这是一个很有趣的过程,我一直在疯了似的学习东西. 其中之一就是我要允许应用程序能够用微软的Application Updater Block进行自我更新。 当它正常工作的那一刻，让我有一种很大的成就感，同时我也意识到微软没有提供那种按步骤顺序的例子。 Duncan Mackenzie 有一个 很好的blog文章 可以做一个开始，但是这个例子是VB做的并且没有提供RSA公钥和私钥的细节情况，所以我决定说一下我的工作过程。 希望能对你有用！
Step #1 Install the Application Blocks
Download the Updater Application Block from Microsoft .
Run the MSI Installer.
Step #2 在项目中加入代码和引用:
把下列工程加入到你的WinForm工程所在的解决方案:
Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater
Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater.Interfaces
Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ExceptionManagement
Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ExceptionManagement.Interfaces
如果你选择默认安装的话，它们的位置可能是：
C:\Program Files\Microsoft Application Blocks for .NET\Updater\Code\CS\Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.Updater
在你的WinForm工程中引用下列工程
Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater
Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater.Interfaces
Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ExceptionManagement
把下列命名空间加入到你Form的.cs文件中
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.Threading;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml;
然后 添加这个位置的应用程序更新代码到你的代码中. 你需要从你的MainForm初始化方法中调用 InitializeAutoUpdate()。
Step #3 生成你应用程序的发布目录结构并配置 AppStart.exe
生成一个用于客户端程序安装的目录. 本例子中，我们用如下的目录：
C:\Program Files\YourApp\1.0.0.0\
现在复制 AppStart.exe 和 AppStart.exe.config 到类似如下的根目录中
C:\Program Files\YourApp\AppStart.exe
C:\Program Files\YourApp\AppStart.exe.config
说明: 这两个文件你可以在如下目录中找到 C:\Program Files\Microsoft Application Blocks for .NET\Updater\Code\CS\Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.Updater\AppStart\bin\Debug
Step #4 修改 AppStart.exe.config 文件
AppStart.exe 会启动你的应用程序，如果更新文件下载完成之后还有可能要重启. 它需要知道启动你最新的程序的目录位置.
修改配置文件以配合当前的版本:
Step #5: 生成你的公钥和私钥
运行 "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Application Blocks for .NET\Updater\Code\CS\Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.Updater\ManifestUtility\bin\Debug\ManifestUtility.exe"
选择 File..Generate Keys 会提示你是否需要保存: PublicKey.xml 和 PrivateKey.xml 这两个密钥接下来就会用到.
我这里要提醒大家，这些密钥只要生成一次就可以了, 因为下面几个地方需要引用到RSA公钥和私钥. 你需要把这些密钥存放在一个安全的地方，因为在发布一个新的更新的时候会用到它
Step #6 创建IIS 虚拟目录
在你的Web服务器上生成一个目录来存放你的更新文件. 在这两个目录中要放两样东西 1) ServerManifest.xml 文件，包含最后版本的一些信息；2) 你的新程序的目录. 在这个目录里，生成一个目录来存放你的新版本程序. 在我们的例子中，我们用这两个目录, C:\Inetpub\AppUpdates 和C:\Inetpub\AppUpdates\1.0.0.1
用 IIS 管理器生成一个虚拟目录指向刚才的实际目录. 记下你的 URL, 在上传步骤中我们需要用到它. 你必须要打开虚拟目录的 目录浏览 选项.
Step #7. 配置你的版本 1.0.0.0 的App.config 文件
这里，我们会需要往里添加一些新东西. 首先, 我们需要加入一个configSections 元素来定义我们的 appUpdater 节:
接下来，我们需要添加一个 Version 键到我们的 appsettings 中, 我们首先设置我们的本地版本为 1.0.0.0, 这样我们就可以测试自动更新到版本 1.0.0.1
最后，, 加入 appUpdater 节到你的配置文件中. 我这里用一对方括号把你要修改的值包含起来. 你可以直接从你上一步生成的 PublicKey.xml文件中复制
assembly="Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater,Version=1.0.0.0,Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=null"/> Step #8 发布版本 1.0.0.0 设置应用程序版本号. 可以通过设置在 AssemblyInfo.cs 文件中的版本属性来设置版本号. [assembly: AssemblyVersion("1.0.0.0")] 编译应用程序并复制 1.0.0.0 版程序到你程序的 1.0.0.0 目录中. C:\Program Files\YourApp\1.0.0.0 这里，你需要运行一下 AppStart.exe. 更新过程会失败，因为我们并没有把发布 ServerManifest XML 文件来指示应用程序新版本是否可用. 你可以检查日志文件，位置在 C:\Program Files\YourApp\ 目录中. Step #9 构建版本 1.0.0.1 这是最有趣的部分. 首先, 通过更新应用程序的 AssemblyInfo.cs 和 App.config 文件内容来生成修订版本 1.0.0.1 . 编译程序, 然后复制文件到step #6生成的Web服务器目录中. Step #10 生成服务器的清单文件 这个是最后一步. 如果你对本步骤中的.config文件作了任何修改的话，都必须把本步骤重来一遍. 做法如下: 再次运行 ManifestUtility 程序. 在 Update files folder 选择器中选择 1.0.0.1 目录 . 输入更新位置的 URL . 输入新版本号 1.0.0.1 打开之前生成的 PrivateKey.xml 文件. 选择验证类 Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater.Validators.RSAValidator 鼠标点击 CreateManifest, 并保存 ServerManifest.xml 文件到你的虚拟服务器目录中. 就这些! Pheeew! 从你的 C:\Program Files\YourApp\ 目录中运行你的 AppStart.exe . 你的程序就会被装入, 当你的程序运行的时候，你就会得到一个提示 新版本可用 . 新版本会下载到目录 C:\Program Files\YourApp\1.0.0.1 中, 然后程序会自动重启. 如果有任何问题, 记得检查一下日志文件. 这些日志在诊断问题的时候会很有用的. -Brendan posted on Thursday, June 10, 2004 11:25 AM 附录：文中步骤 #2 包含的代码如下： Auto-Update Stuff#region Auto-Update Stuff private ApplicationUpdateManager _updater = null; private Thread _updaterThread = null; private const int UPDATERTHREAD_JOIN_TIMEOUT = 3 * 1000; private delegate void MarshalEventDelegate( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e ); private void InitializeAutoUpdate() { // hook ProcessExit for a chance to clean up when closed peremptorily AppDomain.CurrentDomain.ProcessExit +=new EventHandler(CurrentDomain_ProcessExit); // make an Updater for use in-process with us _updater = new ApplicationUpdateManager(); // hook Updater events _updater.DownloadStarted +=new UpdaterActionEventHandler( OnUpdaterDownloadStarted ); _updater.FilesValidated +=new UpdaterActionEventHandler( OnUpdaterFilesValidated ); _updater.UpdateAvailable +=new UpdaterActionEventHandler( OnUpdaterUpdateAvailable ); _updater.DownloadCompleted +=new UpdaterActionEventHandler(OnUpdaterDownloadCompleted); // start the updater on a separate thread so that our UI remains responsive _updaterThread = new Thread( new ThreadStart( _updater.StartUpdater ) ); _updaterThread.Start(); // get version from config, set caption correctly string version = System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["version"]; this.Text = this.Text + String.Format(" v. {0}", version); } private void CurrentDomain_ProcessExit(object sender, EventArgs e) { StopUpdater(); } private void StopUpdater() { // tell updater to stop _updater.StopUpdater(); if( null != _updaterThread ) { // join the updater thread with a suitable timeout bool isThreadJoined = _updaterThread.Join( UPDATERTHREAD_JOIN_TIMEOUT ); // check if we joined, if we didn't interrupt the thread if( !isThreadJoined ) { _updaterThread.Interrupt(); } _updaterThread = null; } } /**//// /// This handler gets fired by the Windows UI thread that is the main STA thread for THIS FORM. It takes the same /// arguments as the event handler below it--sender, e--and acts on them using the main thread NOT the eventing thread /// /// marshalled reference to the original event's sender argument /// marshalled reference to the original event's args private void OnUpdaterDownloadStartedHandler( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e ) { Debug.WriteLine("Thread: " + Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode().ToString()); Debug.WriteLine(String.Format( " DownloadStarted for application '{0}'", e.ApplicationName )); } /**//// /// Event handler for Updater event. This event is fired by the originating thread from "inside" the Updater. While it is /// possible for this same thread to act on our UI, it is NOT a good thing to do--UI is not threadsafe. /// Therefore here we marshal from the Eventing thread (belongs to Updater) to our window thread using the synchronous Invoke /// mechanism. /// /// event sender in this case ApplicationUpdaterManager /// the UpdaterActionEventArgs packaged by Updater, which gives us access to update information private void OnUpdaterDownloadStarted( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e ) { // using the synchronous "Invoke". This marshals from the eventing thread--which comes from the Updater and should not // be allowed to enter and "touch" the UI's window thread // so we use Invoke which allows us to block the Updater thread at will while only allowing window thread to update UI Debug.WriteLine( String.Format( "[OnUpdaterDownloadStarted]Thread: {0}", Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode().ToString()) ); this.Invoke( new MarshalEventDelegate( this.OnUpdaterDownloadStartedHandler ), new object[] { sender, e } ); } /**//// /// This handler gets fired by the Windows UI thread that is the main STA thread for THIS FORM. It takes the same /// arguments as the event handler below it--sender, e--and acts on them using the main thread NOT the eventing thread /// /// marshalled reference to the original event's sender argument /// marshalled reference to the original event's args private void OnUpdaterFilesValidatedHandler( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e ) { Debug.WriteLine(String.Format("FilesValidated successfully for application '{0}' ", e.ApplicationName)); // ask user to use new app DialogResult dialog = MessageBox.Show( "Would you like to stop this application and open the new version?", "Open New Version?", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo ); if( DialogResult.Yes == dialog ) { StartNewVersion( e.ServerInformation ); } } /**//// /// Event handler for Updater event. This event is fired by the originating thread from "inside" the Updater. While it is /// possible for this same thread to act on our UI, it is NOT a good thing to do--UI is not threadsafe. /// Therefore here we marshal from the Eventing thread (belongs to Updater) to our window thread using the synchronous Invoke /// mechanism. /// /// event sender in this case ApplicationUpdaterManager /// the UpdaterActionEventArgs packaged by Updater, which gives us access to update information private void OnUpdaterFilesValidated( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e ) { // using the asynchronous "BeginInvoke". // we don't need/want to block here this.BeginInvoke( new MarshalEventDelegate( this.OnUpdaterFilesValidatedHandler ), new object[] { sender, e } ); } /**//// /// This handler gets fired by the Windows UI thread that is the main STA thread for THIS FORM. It takes the same /// arguments as the event handler below it--sender, e--and acts on them using the main thread NOT the eventing thread /// /// marshalled reference to the original event's sender argument /// marshalled reference to the original event's args private void OnUpdaterUpdateAvailableHandler( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e ) { Debug.WriteLine("Thread: " + Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode().ToString()); string message = String.Format( "Update available: The new version on the server is {0} and current version is {1} would you like to upgrade?", e.ServerInformation.AvailableVersion, System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["version"] ) ; // for update available we actually WANT to block the downloading thread so we can refuse an update // and reset until next polling cycle; // NOTE that we don't block the thread _in the UI_, we have it blocked at the marshalling dispatcher "OnUpdaterUpdateAvailable" DialogResult dialog = MessageBox.Show( message, "Update Available", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo ); if( DialogResult.No == dialog ) { // if no, stop the updater for this app _updater.StopUpdater( e.ApplicationName ); Debug.WriteLine("Update Cancelled."); } else { Debug.WriteLine("Update in progress."); } } /**//// /// Event handler for Updater event. This event is fired by the originating thread from "inside" the Updater. While it is /// possible for this same thread to act on our UI, it is NOT a good thing to do--UI is not threadsafe. /// Therefore here we marshal from the Eventing thread (belongs to Updater) to our window thread using the synchronous Invoke /// mechanism. /// /// event sender in this case ApplicationUpdaterManager /// the UpdaterActionEventArgs packaged by Updater, which gives us access to update information private void OnUpdaterUpdateAvailable( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e ) { // using the synchronous "Invoke". This marshals from the eventing thread--which comes from the Updater and should not // be allowed to enter and "touch" the UI's window thread // so we use Invoke which allows us to block the Updater thread at will while only allowing window thread to update UI this.Invoke( new MarshalEventDelegate( this.OnUpdaterUpdateAvailableHandler ), new object[] { sender, e } ); } /**//// /// This handler gets fired by the Windows UI thread that is the main STA thread for THIS FORM. It takes the same /// arguments as the event handler below it--sender, e--and acts on them using the main thread NOT the eventing thread /// /// marshalled reference to the original event's sender argument /// marshalled reference to the original event's args private void OnUpdaterDownloadCompletedHandler( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e ) { Debug.WriteLine("Download Completed."); } /**//// /// Event handler for Updater event. This event is fired by the originating thread from "inside" the Updater. While it is /// possible for this same thread to act on our UI, it is NOT a good thing to do--UI is not threadsafe. /// Therefore here we marshal from the Eventing thread (belongs to Updater) to our window thread using the synchronous Invoke /// mechanism. /// /// event sender in this case ApplicationUpdaterManager /// the UpdaterActionEventArgs packaged by Updater, which gives us access to update information private void OnUpdaterDownloadCompleted( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e ) { // using the synchronous "Invoke". This marshals from the eventing thread--which comes from the Updater and should not // be allowed to enter and "touch" the UI's window thread // so we use Invoke which allows us to block the Updater thread at will while only allowing window thread to update UI this.Invoke( new MarshalEventDelegate( this.OnUpdaterDownloadCompletedHandler ), new object[] { sender, e } ); } private void StartNewVersion( ServerApplicationInfo server ) { XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument(); // load config file to get base dir doc.Load( AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ConfigurationFile ); // get the base dir string baseDir = doc.SelectSingleNode("configuration/appUpdater/UpdaterConfiguration/application/client/baseDir").InnerText; string newDir = Path.Combine( baseDir, "AppStart.exe" ); ProcessStartInfo process = new ProcessStartInfo( newDir ); process.WorkingDirectory = Path.Combine( newDir , server.AvailableVersion ); // launch new version (actually, launch AppStart.exe which HAS pointer to new version ) Process.Start( process ); // tell updater to stop CurrentDomain_ProcessExit( null, null ); // leave this app Environment.Exit( 0 ); }